[proofplan]
We average Dirac masses along one forward orbit. Compactness of the space of Borel probability measures gives a weak-star cluster point. The telescoping identity for continuous test functions then shows that every such cluster point is invariant under $T$.
[/proofplan]
[step:Build empirical measures along one orbit]
Choose $x_0\in X$. For $N\geq1$, define the empirical Borel probability measure
\begin{align*}
\mu_N:=\frac1N\sum_{n=0}^{N-1}\delta_{T^n x_0}.
\end{align*}
Since $X$ is compact metrizable, the space $\mathcal{M}(X)$ of Borel probability measures on $X$, equipped with the weak-star topology, is compact. Hence there is a subsequence $(\mu_{N_j})_{j\geq1}$ and a Borel probability measure $\mu$ such that
\begin{align*}
\mu_{N_j}\longrightarrow \mu
\end{align*}
in the weak-star topology.
[/step]
[step:Show that the weak-star limit is invariant]
Let $f:X\to\mathbb{R}$ be continuous. Since $X$ is compact, $f$ is bounded. For every $N\geq1$,
\begin{align*}
\int_X f\circ T\,d\mu_N-\int_X f\,d\mu_N
&=
\frac1N\sum_{n=0}^{N-1} f(T^{n+1}x_0)
-
\frac1N\sum_{n=0}^{N-1} f(T^n x_0)\\
&=
\frac{f(T^N x_0)-f(x_0)}{N}.
\end{align*}
Therefore
\begin{align*}
\left|\int_X f\circ T\,d\mu_N-\int_X f\,d\mu_N\right|
\leq \frac{2\|f\|_\infty}{N}\to0.
\end{align*}
Because $T$ is continuous, $f\circ T$ is continuous. Passing to the subsequence limit gives
\begin{align*}
\int_X f\circ T\,d\mu=\int_X f\,d\mu
\end{align*}
for every continuous $f$.
[/step]
[step:Convert test-function invariance into measure invariance]
For Borel probability measures on a compact metrizable space, equality of integrals against all continuous real-valued functions implies equality of measures. The preceding step therefore gives
\begin{align*}
T_\#\mu=\mu.
\end{align*}
Thus at least one $T$-invariant Borel probability measure exists.
[/step]